NCERT Class 12 English Grammar Paragraph Writing

NCERT Class 12 English Grammar Paragraph Writing: A series of sentences that are organized and coherent and are all related to a single topic is called Paragraph. Breaking the large sentence essay or topic into smaller pieces in a well- structured form is known as Paragraph. The lines that should include in a paragraph is at least three to five, not more. It includes topic sentences, supporting sentences as well as concluding sentences that refer to an overall structure, which is a group of sentences focusing on a single topic.

Paragraphs are the group of sentences combined together, about a certain topic. It is a very important form of writing as we write almost everything in paragraphs, be it an answer, essay, story, emails, etc. We can say that a well-structured paragraph is the essence of good writing. The purposes of the paragraph are to give information, to explain something, to tell a story, and to convince someone that our idea is right.

Paragraphs are blocks of textual content that segment out a larger piece of writing—stories, novels, articles, creative writing, or professional writing portions—making it less complicated to read and understand. Excellent paragraphs are an available writing skill for plenty of types of literature, and proper writers can substantially beautify the clarity of their news, essays, or fiction writing whilst constructing nicely.

Types of Paragraphs

There are four types of paragraphs that you need to know about: descriptive, narrative, expository, and persuasive. If you have a quick search on the web then you may found other types too but to make your paragraph simple and succinct, it’s a good idea to study just these four.

Having knowledge about what are the type of paragraphs is one of the most essential aspects while writing a paragraph. So, we thought of explaining a bit about paragraph writing types is a must. Okay, let’s start about it.

• Descriptive Type of Paragraph: This paragraph type describes the topic and displays the reader what’s the subject included in it. The terms selected in the description type usually appeal to the five senses of touch, smell, sight, sound, and taste. This type of paragraph can be more artistic and may vary from grammatical standards.
• Expository Type of Paragraph: It defines something or gives instruction. It may also explain a process and influence the reader step by step via a form of the method. This Expository Para usually needs research, but also, it’s possible to rely on the writer’s own knowledge and experience.
• Narrative Type of Paragraph: In simple words, this type of paragraph narrates a story that includes a sequence of topic sentences like a clear start, middle of the topic, an end to the paragraph.
• Persuasive Type of Paragraph: This kind of paragraph seeks to make the audience to admit a writer’s point of view or know his/her position. Persuasive paragraphs are often used by the teachers because it is beneficial when building an argument. Also, it makes a writer to research and collects some facts on the topic.

Parts of a Paragraph:

The basic paragraph consists of three parts: a topic sentence, supporting details, and a concluding sentence. This basic paragraph format will help you to write and organize one paragraph and transition to the next.

Concluding Sentence

It is the end of the paragraph which is also known as final statement about the topic. It ties all ideas given in the paragraph and emphasizes the main idea one last time. In the concluding sentence, the writer usually restates their topic sentence or summarizes the main points of the paragraph.

Topic Sentence

Often, the Topic sentence is the first sentence of a paragraph. Also, we can call an introduction sentence of a paragraph. It states the main idea of each paragraph and displays how the idea connects to the thesis or overall focus of the paper. All consequent points presented in the paragraphs must support the topic sentence.

Supporting Details

The supporting sentences explain more about the topic sentence by showing some facts, stats, or examples regarding the topic. It also includes the writer’s experience & own analysis and used to develop the topic sentence. The following are common origins of supporting details:

Expert Opinion

• Facts and Statistics
• Personal Experiences
• Others’ Experiences
• Brief Stories
• Research Studies
• Your Own Analysis
• Interviews

NCERT Class 12 English Grammar Paragraph Writing SAMPLE

• Write a descriptive paragraph on Coronavirus (COVID-19) within 150 to 200 words.

PARAGRAPH ON CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19)

The name “coronavirus” is derived from Latin “corona”, meaning “crown” or “wreath”, itself a borrowing from Greek “korone”, “garland, wreath”. Corona viruses are a group of related RNA viruses that cause respiratory tract infection disease in humans. On December 2019, in Wuhan, China the outbreak was traced to a novel strain of coronavirus, which was given the interim name 2019-nCoV by the World Health Organisation (WHO). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. The COVID-19 virus spreads primarily through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes. COVID-19 affects different people in different ways. Most infected people will develop mild to moderate illness and recover without hospitalization. Most common symptoms are fever, dry cough, tiredness. Less common symptoms are aches and pains, sore throat, diarrhoea, conjunctivitis, headache, loss of taste or smell, a rash on skin, or discolouration of fingers or toes. Serious symptoms are difficulty breathing or shortness of breath, chest pain or pressure, loss of speech or movement. To prevent infection and to slow transmission of COVID-19, one should wash his hands regularly with soap and water, or clean them with alcohol-based hand rub, maintain at least 1 metre distance between oneself and people coughing or sneezing, avoid touching face, cover mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, stay home if one feels unwell, refrain from smoking and other activities that weaken the lungs and practice social distancing.

Write a descriptive paragraph on THE IMPORTANCE OF TREES / MAN AND TREES / AFFORESTATION within 150 to 200 words

THE IMPORTANCE OF TREES

Trees are useful and beautiful gifts of nature. Forests help in maintaining the ecological balance’ which is so essential for preservation of life on this earth. Existence of man on earth, therefore, depends on forests. Forests provide immense wealth and riches for us. They yield timber and fuel wood, bamb0os, canes, leaves, fruit, fibers, and grasses. The other useful products from forests are shellac, resins. precious herbs and medicinal plants.

They are also great sources oi material for paper, rubber, and gums. Forests have a direct influence on the climate of a region. They induce rains and prevent air pollution. An area devoid of forests will go barren and turn out to be a desert in course of time. The roots of trees bind loose soil and thus help in soil conservation”. The top fertile soil is thus retained which is so vital for agriculture. Arrest of soil erosion also prevents silting and raising of riverbeds and possible overflowing of rivers causing floods. Forests protect us from inclement wind also. With increase in population and rapid industrialization, random deforestation has taken place. This has resulted in dwindling” rainfall, depletion in ground water level and Occurrence of droughts’, Forests are nature’s most precious gilts which feed us physically an aesthetically. They constitute the resource reservoir for human welfare and their management should be planned on a global level. The socioeconomic pattern of a particular continent or a country does get perceptibly influenced by forests. Indiscriminate felling of trees this depletes the forest wealth beyond redemption. The rehabilitation of forests and maintenance of proper forest cover and ecosystem are therefore the only way left to us or our survival.

Write a descriptive paragraph on VALUE OF SPORTS / PHYSICAL EXERCISE / THE NECESSITY OF PHYSICAL FITNESS within 150 to 200 words.

VALUE OF SPORTS

The word SPORT stands for sincerity, punctuality, obedience, regularity, and tenacity. These are all essential qualities of a person to do well in life. The proverb runs-“All work and no play make Jack a dull boy. The strain of work and the monotony of the daily routine tire our body and mind. It tells upon our nerves. The sports can refresh them and supply fresh vigour to our body and mind. Hence there 1S a Latin proverb “men’s sane in compression”, that is ‘a sound mind in a sound body. On the contrary, a diseased body makes a mind diseased. So good health is most important in our life. We must remember that wealth or education 1S of little use to a person of ill health. So physical exercise is a must. But it varies according to age and sex of an individual. There are various kinds of sports and exercises like swimming. boating, running. jumping and games like football, cricket, hockey, tennis, badminton, volleyball, basketball, and exercises with the help of instruments etc. Everyone Can select a sport out his own choice and take part init. But what is important to know is that what is necessary and good for a particular manor woman may not be suitable and even may be harmful for another. In this respect advice of an expert in physical education is quite useful. So, there are physical instructors in schools and colleges to guide the students as we know the choice depends on age, ability, and opportunity for taking a particular physical Exercise. However, we must note that time

and space never stand in the way or physical exercise, as walking and deep breathing are also good exercises. A few minutes and a small open space are enough for it. So, none need stand aloof. We ‘should keep in mind that nutrition, healthy habits and disciplined life are essential for physical fitness. Sports have a great significance in our individual as well as our collective life. It builds our body and gives us more energy in work. It gives us skill., discipline, sense of co-operation and team spirit. Some games call forth courage and presence of mind. Sports and games are joyful activities to0. A true sportsman is frank, generous, and free from petty spite. These are sportsman-like qualities. Of course, Over- exercise is often more harmful than no exercise However, we should keep in mind that regularity must be maintained in physical exercises as it is the mainspring for getting any benefit from any physical exercise

Write a descriptive paragraph on Global Warming: A Threat within 150 to 200 words.

GLOBAL WARMING: A THREAT

Global warming means the increase in the average temperature of the earth’s surface and oceans. his 1S caused by the gradual increase of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere. These gases prevent the heat on the earth’s surface from escaping into space. As a result, the glaciers around the world have started melting. The ice in Antarctica is also melting very rapidly. The level of water in the oceans is steadily increasing. This threatens to wipe out many islands and coastal regions. Cities and towns situated near the rivers may be flooded completely. It is thought that the Gangotri glacier, the source of the river Ganga, would melt completely in the next fifty years. The water level of the Ganga will rise by several meters endangering all the cities and towns situated on its banks. Measures to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases should be taken immediately prevent a global crisis.